Köthen Castle is a castle in the German city of Köthen .This architectural ensemble in the historical center of the city was the Residence of the Princes and Dukes of Anhalt from 1244 to 1847. After 1603, it was the seat of the Anhalt-Köthen line. In 1806, the principality was elevated to duchy.Since 1627 it was the seat of the Fruitbearing Society.Johann Sebastian Bach worked in Köthen during the period 1717-1723 as Hofkapellmeister of Prince Leopold von Anhalt-Köthen. Bach wrote the Brandenburg Concertos and Das wohltemperierte Klavier there. He dedicated a few of his works to Prince Leopold and their first performances were probably held in the castle.